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John Baskerville (28 January 1706 - 8 January 1775), was an English businessman in areas which consist japanning and papier-mâché, but his many interest was on printmaking and typography. Baskerville also was responsible for significant innovations in printing, paper and ink production. Moreover, he was responsible for significant innovations in printing, paper and ink production. He renovated a method which manufactured a smoother whiter and established a entire new style of typography including wide margins and leading between each line. Despite the significance of his work, he was critised by other competitors, but since the 1920s many new fonts have been published by Linotype, Monotype, and other typefoundries renewal of his work and mostly called 'Baskerville'.
Furthermore, he set up a printing house in 1757 where his first work was issued,an edition of Virgil, which was followed by another edition, the John Milton. Expect from that, he appointed printer to the University of Cambridge and although he was an atheist he undertook an edition of the Bible (1763), which was regarded as a work of art. He died on the 8th of January 1775.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Biographical Dictionary (2006), Famous Quotes from Baskerville John,
http://www.s9.com/Biography/Baskerville-John
Date accessed 27/10/2009
Wikipedia(2009),JohnBaskeville,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Baskerville/
Date accessed 27/10/2009
Biography Base,John Baskerville Biography,
http://www.biographybase.com/biography/Baskerville_John.html
Date accessed 27/10/2009
Encyclopedia Brtitannica (2009), John Baskerville,
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/55215/John-Baskerville
Date accessed 28/10/2009
Nadine Daouti
Son of François Didot, François-Ambroise inherited his father's skills and kept the legacy of printing, publishing, and typefounding began by his father. He improved the standard of type design allowing a greater contrast between thick and thin letter, to him we owe the measurement in points of the fonts (type size), and the standard of the 72 french inch measure.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/162510/Francois-Ambroise-Didot < 28 oct 09 10.30am
Maria Carrasco
De Praeparatione evangelica
1470 was the date that ‘Eusebius' De Praeparatione evangelica’ was first printed, and with it came the establishment of the first true Roman typeface. The typography, which would later become known as ‘Venetian oldstyle’, was designed by the French engraver Nicolas Jenson. Jenson’s pioneering typeface was influenced by the humanistic hand developed in manuscripts by Italian intellectuals such as Poggio Bracciolini. ‘De Praeparatione evangelica’ saw the liberation of European printing, with Venice pushing printing away from the Gothic typefaces of the past. Jenson’s influence on the world of type continued long after his death in 1480, with William Morris, Doves Press, and Bruce Rogers all looking to emulate a type that was ‘so intelligently and carefully elaborated that the letters are neither smaller, larger nor thicker than reason or pleasure demand.’
Image: Eusebius' De Praeparatione evangelica, Nicolas Jenson, 1470.
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/exhibits/BooksPrinters/making.html#euseb
http://www.typofonderie.com/gazette/articles/typehistory
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/data/indiv/rare/type-exhibit/2rvi/eusebius.htm
http://www.linotype.com/731/nicolausjenson.html
Christopher Lacy
Johann Gutenberg (1398-1468) was a German print maker. Who established himself as one of history’s most important creators by inventing the Mechanical Printing press in 1448. His invention was one of history’s most important tools, the process of the printing press, uses movable ink covered blocks of letters and imagery pressed onto flat paper. This helped develop the process book making faster, more reliable, cheaper and less time consuming. Before this the majority of people were using methods such as “Block printing”. This was very popular during this era, however due to such intensive labour, it made it very expensive for books to be made. In that time book’s could only be afforded by wealthy people. Before his invention, he partnered up with Johann Fust, who financially helped Gutenburg to create his machine and made it possible for him to create the “Gutenburg Bible”, which today is valued at over $100(US) million.
Robert Taylor
http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/gutenberg.html
http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/printpress.htm
