Apollinaire, Guillaume

Guillaume Apollinaire (b. August 26, 1880 – d. November 9, 1918, Paris) was a French poet, writer and art critic born in Italy to a Polish mother.
Apollinaire's first collection of poetry was L'enchanteur pourrissant (1909), but Alcools (1913) established his reputation. The poems, influenced in part by the Symbolists, juxtapose the old and the new, combining traditional poetic forms with modern imagery. In 1913, Apollinaire published the essay Les Peintres cubistes on the cubist painters, a movement which he helped to define. He also coined the term 'orphism' to describe a tendency towards absolute abstraction in the paintings of Robert Delaunay and others.（http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire）
According to the artist himself: “the new school of painting is known as cubism, a name first applied to it in the fall of 1908 in a spirit of derision by Henri-Matisse… the new aesthetics was first elaborated in the mind of Andre Derain, but the most important and audacious works the movement at once produced were those of a great artist, Pablo Picasso, who must also be considered one of he founders: his inventions, corroborated by the good sense of Georges Braque, who exhibited a cubist picture at the Salon des Independants as early as 1908, were envisaged in the studies of Jean Metzinger, who exhibited the first cubist portrait (a portrait of my self the Salon des Independants in 1910). It was also in 1910 that pictures by Robert Delaunay, Marie Laurensin, and Le Fauconnier, who belonged o the same school, were exhibited at the Independants.”The most prolific or prominent in public domain is 1910–1914 in France, Germany, Italy and Russia.

References
Guillaume Apollinaire,(1970) The Cubist Painters, New York
Guillaume Apollinaire（http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire）

Yanru Wang